Concept and working principle of frame grabber 
 

Image Grabber sends the image and video signal of the camera in frame units to the computer's memory and VGA frame memory for computer processing, storage, display and transmission;

In the machine vision system, the image collected by the image card is used by the processor to process whether the workpiece is qualified, the movement deviation of the moving object, the location of the defect, and so on.

1. Basic Concepts

1. Frame Graber

The image acquisition card is the interface between the image acquisition part and the processing part. The process of converting an image into a digital image after sampling and quantization and inputting and storing it in the frame memory is called acquisition and digitization.

2. A/D conversion

Video quantization processing refers to the process of converting the analog video signal output by the camera into a digital signal that can be recognized by the PC, that is, A/D conversion. The quantization processing of video signal is an important part of image acquisition processing.

3. Number of transmission channels (Channel)

The ability of the capture card to perform A/D conversion on multiple cameras at the same time. Such as: 2 channels, 4 channels.

4. Resolution

The maximum dot matrix that the capture card can support reflects the performance of its resolution. That is, the maximum resolution of the camera that it can support.
 

4. Classification of image grabbers

Frame grabbers can be divided into digital grabbers (using digital interfaces) and analog grabbers according to the video signal source.

Frame grabbers can be divided into external grabbers (boxes) and built-in boards according to the way of installation and linking.

Frame grabbers can be divided into soft compression cards (consuming CPU resources) and hard compression cards according to video compression methods.

Image capture cards can be divided into 1394 capture cards, USB capture cards, HDMI capture cards, DVI/VGA video capture cards, and PCI video cards according to the video signal input and output interfaces.

Frame capture cards can be divided into TV cards, frame capture cards, DV capture cards, computer video cards, monitoring capture cards, multi-screen cards, streaming media capture cards, component capture cards, high-definition capture cards, and notebook capture cards according to their performance functions. , DVR card, VCD card, non-linear editing card (referred to as non-editing card).

Frame grabbers can be divided into broadcast grade frame grabbers, professional grade frame grabbers, and civilian grade frame grabbers according to their uses. The main difference between them is the difference in the collected image indicators. Since the VGA image capture card is generally a built-in board, that is, it needs to be inserted into the PCI expansion slot when installed and used.

Desktop computer motherboards are configured with fixed expansion slots that connect directly to the computer's system bus. Users can add sound cards, graphics cards, video capture cards and other devices according to their own usage. The video capture card is a bridge connecting the video source and the computer, so there are two connection devices in the board of the capture card, one is the video interface connecting the video source, such as VGA interface, DVI interface, USB interface, 1394 interface, etc. The computer is connected to the motherboard, generally using a slot series or a USB interface, and the board expansion slots mainly include PCI slots, PCI-E slots, ISA slots, and AGP slots.

Five, the output interface type

According to different application directions, in order to match the connected camera, the frame grabber card has a variety of output interfaces, the main interfaces are BNC, VGA, Cameralink, LVDS, DVI, USB, FireWire, etc.

LVDS Frame Graber

DVI Frame Graber

USB Frame Graber

BNC Frame Graber

VGA Frame Graber

FireWire Frame Graber

Cameralink Frame Graber