Light Dimmer Modulator

Dimmer generally refers to a light shader, a light shader is also called a dimmer, an instrument used to adjust the illuminance of light.

Electrical device for changing the luminous flux of the light source in the lighting device and adjusting the illuminance level

An electrical device that changes the luminous flux of the light source in the lighting device and adjusts the illuminance level. The large-capacity device that constitutes a system is called a dimming device. Its basic principle is to change the effective value of the current of the input light source to achieve the purpose of dimming.

The purpose of a dimmer is to adjust the brightness of the light to different levels. Different intensities of light output produced by lights of average power are induced by decreasing or increasing the RMS voltage. While variable voltage devices can be used for various purposes, this modulation is intended to control lighting.

The range of dimmers is: small units of normal size light switches for home lighting, high power units for use in large theater or architectural lighting installations. Small unit dimmers are usually directly controlled, while higher power units use a remote control system.

Modern professional dimmers generally use digital control systems like DMX or Ethernet.

Modern dimmers are built from thyristors (1373) rather than potentiometers or variable resistors because they have higher efficiency.

The variable resistor will dissipate heat (0.5 less efficient). By switching on and off, the silicon-controlled rectifier is theoretically dimmed (efficiency is close to 1.0)

Dimmers can be classified by control method and application.

According to the control method, it can be divided into resistance dimmer, voltage regulation dimmer, magnetic amplifier reactance dimmer and electronic dimmer;

According to the occasion of use, it is divided into civil dimmer, film and television stage dimmer, airport lighting dimmer and daylight integrated control system.

Resistive dimmer

A resistor is connected in series between the incandescent light source and the power supply, and the current in the light source can be adjusted by changing the resistance value to achieve the purpose of dimming.

Its disadvantages are high energy consumption, low efficiency, large size, and inconvenient control. The advantages are that both AC and DC power supplies can be used, and there is no radio interference. It can be used in the lighting of laboratories, audio-visual demonstrations and ship navigation equipment.

Voltage regulator dimmer

An autotransformer. The secondary voltage is changed by adjusting the contact position of the brush with the coil wound outside the transformer yoke.

It has the advantages of less energy consumption, high efficiency, and increasing the load within the rated power does not affect the original dimming degree. The disadvantage is that it is only suitable for AC power, heavy, non-ferrous and ferrous metals that consume more, and cannot be controlled remotely.

Magnetic Amplified Reactance Dimmer

By changing the magnitude of the current in the DC winding wound on the iron yoke, the inductive reactance of the AC winding is changed.

It has good dimming performance and easy control, but is bulky and bulky and has been replaced by electronic dimmers.

Electronic dimmer

In the early days, thyristors were used as switching elements, and later thyristors were used. This dimmer has the advantages of light weight, small size, high efficiency, and easy remote manipulation, and is widely used.

Its disadvantage is that if no effective filtering measures are taken, radio interference will occur, and dimming is troublesome for gas discharge light sources such as fluorescent lamps and high-intensity gas discharge lamps. Dimmers using high-power transistors or FETs can overcome this shortcoming.

Civil dimmer

For home, office, meeting room, school, corridor and other occasions. The line is simple, the price is low, and the performance requirements are not high.

Common dimmers such as table lamps and chandeliers can meet people's needs for light in different work, and achieve the purpose of comfort, hygiene and energy saving.

Film and television stage dimmer

There are two types of single-circuit and multi-circuit, and each circuit has a larger capacity. It is also called dimming device with multiple circuits, large capacity, and constitutes a system. It is characterized by multiple circuits, complete functions, and consistent dimming performance of each circuit.

There are two control methods: manual control and microcomputer control. Manual control methods include automatic control, centralized control, cross control, sub-master control, master control, and pre-selection of scenes, etc.; in addition to all the above-mentioned functions, the computer-controlled ones can also control the stage lighting according to the different scenes and the order of time. The light and dark information is stored in the microcomputer, and the program is automatically executed according to the sequence.

According to the special requirements of the film and television stage for lighting, new varieties such as sound-controlled and program-controlled dimmers have appeared.

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