What is a Transceiver?

It is a combination of transmitter (Tx)/receiver (Rx) in a single package. This equipment is used in wireless communication equipment such as cordless telephones, cellular telephones, radios and the like. Transceiver names are used irregularly as a reference to Tx or Rx equipment in cable or fiber optic systems.

Transceivers are classified into different types which include the following.

RF Transceivers

Fiber-optic Transceivers

Ethernet Transceivers

Wireless Transceivers

There are differences among the above types, but the principle of operation is the same. Each type has its own characteristics, such as numbering. The number of accessible ports connected to the network, supporting full-duplex communication.

1). RF Transceiver

An RF transceiver is a module that includes both Tx and Rx. Typically, this can be used in any wireless communication system by arrangement between the baseband modem and the PA/LNA. Here PA is power amplifier and LNA is low noise amplifier. Baseband modems include chipsets and ADC/DAC chips for various analog or digital modulation methods. Radio frequency transceivers are used to transmit data in the form of voice or video over a wireless medium. Radio frequency transceivers are used to convert intermediate frequency (IF) to radio frequency (RF). These are used in satellite communications for the transmission and reception of TV signals, radio transmission and reception, and ITE networks/Zigbee/WiMax/WLAN.

2). Fiber optic transceiver

Also known as fiber optic transceiver, optical module, optical module, etc. The device uses fiber optic technology for data transmission. This is an essential component in optical networking equipment, which includes the electronic components used to encode or decode information into optical signals. These signals can then be transmitted through the other end as electrical signals. Here, data can be transmitted in the form of light using light sources such as VSCELs, DFB lasers, and FPs.

3). Ethernet Transceiver

Ethernet transceivers are used to connect electronic devices or computers in a network to transmit and receive messages. Another name for an Ethernet transceiver is MAU (Media Access Unit). This is used in the specifications of IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet. In the ISO network model, Ethernet is the physical layer component, and the main functions of the transceiver are collision detection, digital data conversion, Ethernet interface processing, and providing access to the network.

4). Wireless Transceiver

A wireless transceiver is an important component in a wireless communication system, and its quality can be determined by the efficiency and data transmission within the wireless system. This includes two functional layers such as physical layer and media access control layer. The physical layer consists of an RF front-end and a baseband processor that converts the bit stream into a stream of acquired symbols for data transmission. The MAC layer provides link flow control for transmitters to contact the wireless link, avoid collisions, and improve data throughput.

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