LED Dimmer

Dimmer Knob , called dimmer in English, is an electrical device that changes the luminous flux of the light source in the lighting device and adjusts the illuminance level. 

The purpose of a dimmer is to adjust the brightness of the light to different levels.

Different intensities of light output produced by lights of average power are induced by decreasing or increasing the RMS voltage. 

While variable voltage devices can be used for various purposes, this modulation is intended to control lighting.

There are three principles of LED dimmers

1. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM for short) Digitizes the square wave of the power supply and controls the duty cycle of the square wave, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the current.

2. Constant current power supply regulation The magnitude of the current can be easily adjusted with the analog linear technique.

3. Group control multiple LEDs and control them with a simple grouper.

The above 1.2. The two methods can use the adjustable resistance knob for stepless control. 

Due to the maturity of PWM module technology and the reduction of cost, it is difficult to determine which method of current control to use in terms of price. However, the adjustable resistor itself is not a very reliable component, often due to the entry of dust or the inconsistency of the manufacturing process. If it is tight, there will be a momentary gapping fault when operating the adjustable resistor, then the light source will flicker.

This kind of flickering is less obvious in the case of PWM mode, and more obvious in the case of using linear technology to control the current. No matter how the current is regulated, it can be changed to a Tact Switch or an independent group switch (such as a grouper, a remote control) to control the light. This quality is more reliable and the service life is much longer. It is really necessary to use adjustable resistors for delicate lighting control. It is recommended to use high-quality adjustable resistors  

Whether the LED is driven via a buck, boost, buck/boost or linear regulator, the most common thread connecting each driver circuit is the need to control the light output. There are only a few applications today that only require a simple function of on and off, and most require fine-tuning of the dimming from 0 to 100%. For photometric control, the two main solutions are to linearly adjust the LED current (analog dimming) or to switch the drive current back and forth from 0 to the target current value at high frequencies that are imperceptible to the naked eye (digital dimming) . 

Using pulse width modulation (PWM) to set the cycle and duty cycle is probably the easiest way to achieve digital dimming because the same technique can be used to control most switching converters.

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